A uterine septum is a congenital (present from birth) abnormality. It is the presence of a large fibrous band in the uterine cavity. This type of malformation is also called a müllerian anomaly or defect. A uterine septum (or septate uterus) is the most common uterine abnormality associated with reproductive failure, although some women with this condition conceive without any problems.
A uterine septum affects women during pregnancy much more often than it affects their ability to conceive. Women with a uterine septum may experience repeated miscarriages because the uterus is shaped abnormally. There may also be instances in which the uterine septum may cause problems with conception because the defect limits the blood supply available to the uterine wall, sometimes making it difficult for an embryo to implant.
A uterine septum may also cause additional problems once a woman becomes pregnant, including preterm labour or malpresentation during the birthing process.
There are four modalities of investigations are used to diagnose uterine septum.
The uterine septum is removed using a minimally invasive procedure called operative hysteroscopy ( septoplasty). There are very few complications, and this procedure has proven to be very successful in treating fertility problems which are due to a septate uterus (or uterine septum).
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